OBJECTIVE: To test the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), a 9-item 30-point scale, for measuring severity of functional ankle instability. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: General community. PARTICIPANTS: Volunteer sample of 236 subjects. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concurrent validity by comparison with the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and a visual analog scale (VAS) of global perception of ankle instability by using the Spearman rho. Construct validity and internal reliability with Rasch analysis using goodness-of-fit statistics for items and subjects, separation of subjects, correlation of items to the total scale, and a Cronbach alpha equivalent. Discrimination score for functional ankle instability by maximizing the Youden index and tested for sensitivity and specificity. Test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient, model 2,1 (ICC(2,1)). RESULTS: There were significant correlations between the CAIT and LEFS (rho=.50, P<.01) and VAS (rho=.76, P<.01). Construct validity and internal reliability were acceptable (alpha=.83; point measure correlation for all items, >0.5; item reliability index, .99). The threshold CAIT score was 27.5 (Youden index, 68.1); sensitivity was 82.9% and specificity was 74.7%. Test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC(2,1)=.96). CONCLUSIONS: CAIT is a simple, valid, and reliable tool to measure severity of functional ankle instability.
BT - Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation C1 - 1.826 C2 - 1.814 CN - N J2 - Arch Phys Med Rehabil LA - eng LB - MS M1 - 9 N1 - HERDC category C1 N2 -OBJECTIVE: To test the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), a 9-item 30-point scale, for measuring severity of functional ankle instability. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: General community. PARTICIPANTS: Volunteer sample of 236 subjects. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concurrent validity by comparison with the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and a visual analog scale (VAS) of global perception of ankle instability by using the Spearman rho. Construct validity and internal reliability with Rasch analysis using goodness-of-fit statistics for items and subjects, separation of subjects, correlation of items to the total scale, and a Cronbach alpha equivalent. Discrimination score for functional ankle instability by maximizing the Youden index and tested for sensitivity and specificity. Test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient, model 2,1 (ICC(2,1)). RESULTS: There were significant correlations between the CAIT and LEFS (rho=.50, P<.01) and VAS (rho=.76, P<.01). Construct validity and internal reliability were acceptable (alpha=.83; point measure correlation for all items, >0.5; item reliability index, .99). The threshold CAIT score was 27.5 (Youden index, 68.1); sensitivity was 82.9% and specificity was 74.7%. Test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC(2,1)=.96). CONCLUSIONS: CAIT is a simple, valid, and reliable tool to measure severity of functional ankle instability.
PY - 2006 SE - 1.814 SP - 1235 EP - 1241. [Impact Factor 1.814] ST - Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. T2 - Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation TI - The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool: a report of validity and reliability testing VL - 87 ER -