TY - JOUR AU - Zhang J. AU - Zhang J. AU - Li N. AU - Li Y. AU - Guo X. AU - Seo D. AU - Xu A. AU - Xun P. AU - Ma J. AU - Shi X. AU - Yan L. AU - Lu Z. AU - Tang J. AU - Ren J. AU - Zhao W. AU - Liang X. AB -

This study was aimed to evaluate the agreement between the self-reported sodium intake level and 24-h urine sodium excretion level in Chinese. The 24-h urine collection was conducted among 2112 adults aged 18-69 years randomly selected in Shandong Province, China. The subjects were asked whether their sodium intake was low, moderate, or high. The weighted kappa statistics was calculated to assess the agreement between 24-h urine sodium excretion level and self-reported sodium intake level. One third of the subjects reported low sodium intake level. About 70% of the subjects had mean 24-h sodium excretion >9 g/d, but reported low or moderate sodium intake. The agreement between self-reported sodium intake level and 24-h urine sodium excretion level was low in both normotensive subjects and hypertensive subjects. These findings suggested that many subjects who reported low sodium intake had actual urine sodium excretion >9 g/d. Sodium intake is often underestimated in both hyperten- sive and normotensive participants in China.

AD - Division of Non-communicable Disease Control and Community Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 999007, Korea.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomignton, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
The George Institute for Global Heath, Camperdown NSW 2050 Australia; University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China. AN - 25716570 BT - Biomedical and Environmental Sciences DP - NLM ET - 2015/02/27 LA - eng LB - CHINA
FP M1 - 2 N1 - Zhang, Juan
Guo, Xiao Lei
Seo, Dong Chul
Xu, Ai Qiang
Xun, Peng Cheng
Ma, Ji Xiang
Shi, Xiao Ming
Li, Nicole
Yan, Liu Xia
Li, Yuan
Lu, Zi Long
Zhang, Ji Yu
Tang, Jun Li
Ren, Jie
Zhao, Wen Hua
Liang, Xiao Feng
United States
Biomed Environ Sci. 2015 Feb;28(2):161-7. doi: 10.3967/bes2015.022. N2 -

This study was aimed to evaluate the agreement between the self-reported sodium intake level and 24-h urine sodium excretion level in Chinese. The 24-h urine collection was conducted among 2112 adults aged 18-69 years randomly selected in Shandong Province, China. The subjects were asked whether their sodium intake was low, moderate, or high. The weighted kappa statistics was calculated to assess the agreement between 24-h urine sodium excretion level and self-reported sodium intake level. One third of the subjects reported low sodium intake level. About 70% of the subjects had mean 24-h sodium excretion >9 g/d, but reported low or moderate sodium intake. The agreement between self-reported sodium intake level and 24-h urine sodium excretion level was low in both normotensive subjects and hypertensive subjects. These findings suggested that many subjects who reported low sodium intake had actual urine sodium excretion >9 g/d. Sodium intake is often underestimated in both hyperten- sive and normotensive participants in China.

PY - 2015 SN - 0895-3988 (Print)
0895-3988 (Linking) SP - 161 EP - 7 T2 - Biomedical and Environmental Sciences TI - Inaccuracy of Self-reported Low Sodium Diet among Chinese: Findings from Baseline Survey for Shandong & Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension (SMASH) Project VL - 28 ER -